000 07057cam a22001931 4500
999 _c12
_d12
008 740430s1957 nyua 000 0 eng
020 _a9780140135619
082 _a940.28
_223
_bTHO
100 1 _aThomson, David,
_d1912-
245 1 0 _aEurope since Napoleon.
250 _a[1st ed.]
260 _aEngland,
_bPenguin Books
_c1957.
300 _a909 p.
_billus.
_c24 cm.
505 _aPreface to the Pelican Edition 15 Preface 16 Part 1. Europe in the Melting Pot, 1789-1814 21 1. Revolution in France 24 THE REVOLUTIONARY SITUATION 24 THE CRISIS OF 1789 27 THE ROOTS OF WAR 33 2. France at War 37 THE JACOBIN TERROR 37 THE DIRECTORY 43 THE IMPACT ON EUROPE 49 3. Dictator in France 55 NAPOLEON BONAPARTE 55 INTERNAL REORGANIZATION 56 THE RENEWAL OF WAR 59 4. Napoleonic Empire 64 THE EMPIRE AND ITS EFFECTS 64 DESTRUCTION OF THE EMPIRE 70 THE NAPOLEONIC ERA 76 Part 2 Europe in 1815 79 5. The Unity and Disunity of Europe in 1815 82 INTERNAL COHESION AND DIVERSITY 82 EXTERNAL PRESSURES AND CONNEXIONS 85 REGIONAL DIFFERENCES 89 RIVAL CONCEPTIONS OF EUROPEAN ORDER 91 6 6. The Forces of Continuity THE INSTITUTIONS OF MONARCHY THE CHURCH THE LANDOWNERS THE POPULARITY OF PEACE 7. The Forces of Change GROWTH OF POPULATION INDUSTRIALISM AND URBANISM NATIONALISM LIBERALISM, DEMOCRACY, SOCIALISM Part-3. The Age of Revolutions, 1815-50 8. The Phase of Conservatism, 1815-30 THE SYSTEM OF METTERNICH CONGRESS DIPLOMACY THE ROMANTIC REVOLUTIONARIES NEW WINE IN OLD BOTTLES 9. The Liberal Revolutions of 1830-3 ECONOMIC CONDITIONS THE REVOLUTIONARY TIDE NOW HALF DISSOLVING TO A LIBERAL THAW 10. The Economic Revolutions of 1830-48 WESTERN ECONOMIC EXPANSION LIBERAL REFORMS MOVEMENTS FOR SOCIAL REVOLUTION 11. The National Revolutions of 1848-50 THE SEQUENCE OF REVOLUTIONS, 1848 THE SEQUEL OF REVOLUTION, 1849-50 THE PATTERN OF REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITY 7 Part4. The Emergence of New Powers, 1851-71 235 12. The Balance of Power in Europe, 1850-70 240 THE GREAT POWERS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP 240 THE CRIMEAN WAR, 1854-6 245 THE SHIFTING ECONOMIC BALANCE, 1850-70 250 13. The Reorientation of Western Europe 255 ECONOMIC AND COLONIAL EXPANSION 255 THE NEW MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT 261 THE GROWTH OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 275 14 The Remaking of Central Europe 289 ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TERRITORIAL INTEGRAT1ON 289 POLITICAL UNIFICATION IN ITALY AND GERMANY 300 THE SETTLEMENT OF 1871 320 15. Emancipation in Eastern Europe 330 THE END OF SERFDOM IN RUSSIA 330 NATIONALIST AND REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS 335 THE FAILURE OF REFORM IN TURKEY 340 Part 5. Democracy and Socialism, 1871-1914 347 16. The Pattern of Parliamentary Democracy 351 THE NEW ELECTORATES 351 PUBLIC OPINION AND POLITICS 364 17. Socialism versus Nationalism 376 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS 376 ORGANIZED LABOUR AND SOCIAL DEMOCRACY 391 LOYALTIES IN CONFLICT 408 8 18. The Texture of European Culture 428 SCIENCE AND MATERIAL PROGRESS 428 SOCIAL THOUGHT AND CULTURE 442 Part 6. Imperial Rivalries and International Alliances, 1871-1914 457 19. The Eastern Question 462 FERMENT IN THE BALKANS 462 INSURGENT NATIONALISM IN EASTERN EUROPE 476 20. Colonial Expansion and Rivalry 489 THE URGE TO IMPERIALISM 489 COLONIAL COLLISIONS 508 21. The System of Alliances 524 TRIPLE ALLIANCE AND TRIPLE ENTENTE 524 THE CONDITION OF EUROPE IN 1914 536 Part 7. War and Peace, 1914 -23 545 21. Issues and Stakes, 1914 -18 549 THE WAR AIMS OF 1914 -18 549 THE DYNAMICS OF DEADLOCK, 1915 -16 558 THE TRANSFORMATION OF 1917 -18 564 23. Domestic Consequences, 1914 -23 574 WARTIME COLLECTIVISM 574 VOGUE FOR DEMOCRACY 588 THE ECONOMICS OF EXHAUSTION 600 24. International Consequences, 1918 -23 613 THE CONFERENCE OF PARIS, 1919 613 THE NEW BALANCE OF POWER 622 NEW INTERNATIONAL MACHINERY 639 9 Part 8. The Age of Demolition, 1924 -39 649 25. Locarno Honeymoon, 1924 -9 655 ECONOMlC RECOVERY 655 CIVILIAN GOVERNMENT 663 PACIFICATION BY PACT 673 26. The Collapse of Prosperity, 1929 -34 680 CONTRACTION OF WORLD TRADE 680 CRISIS OF CONFIDENCE 686 CONSEQUENCES OF CRISIS 693 27. The Eclipse of Democracy, 1929 -39 702 EMERGENCY POLITICS 702 CIVIL WAR 711 SINGLE -PARTY DICTATORSHIPS 719 28. The Demolition of Peace, 1935 -9 731 THE FAILURE OF COLLECTIVE SECURITY 731 THE SHIFTING BALANCE OF POWER 739 DRIFT TOWARD WAR 754 Part 9. War and Peace, 1939 -63 761 29. The Second World War, 1939 -45 765 FROM EUROPEAN TO GLOBAL WAR, 1939 -41 765 THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE, 1941 -5 778 THE EASTERN EUROPEAN WAR, 1941 -5 788 WAR IN THE PACIFIC, 1941 -5 801 THE REVOLUTION OF WAR 807 30. Europe in Convalescence 817 FIRST AID AND RECONSTRUCTION, 1944 -50 817 WELFARE STATES AND PEOPLE's DEMOCRACIES 825 THE COMING OF THE COLD WAR 836 WESTERN EUROPE, 1950 -63 846 10 31. The Colonial Revolution 851 GOVERNMENT OF UNDERDEVELOPED TERRITORIES 851 THE CONTRACTION OF EUROPE 861 32. International Fabric 876 THE UNITED NATIONS 876 FUNCTIONAL AGENCIES 885 REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 890 BALANCE OF POWER IN MID CENTURY 896 Part 10. Epilogue: Contemporary Europe 903 33. Civilization and Culture Since 1914 907 SCIENCE AND CIVILIZATION 907 THE CULTURE OF CRISIS 916 SOCIAL THOUGHT AND ACTION 925 34. The Pattern of Modern European Development 938 Select Bibliography 947 Index 957 11 MAPS 1. The French Republic and its Satellites, 1798-9 52 2. Europe, 1810 68-9 NAPOLEON's RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN, JUNE TO DECEMBER 1812 3. Europe, 1815 86-7 4. The Habsburg Empire, 1848 215 5. Unification of Italy, 1859-70 305 6. The German Question, 1815-71 310 7. Europe, 1871 324-5 BALKANS, 1878 BALKANS, 1914 8. Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, 1699-1914 465 DISSOLUTION OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE 1699-1923 9. Export of European Capital to 1914 490 10. Migration from Europe, 1840-1940 493 11. Africa, 1914 499 LINES OF POLITICAL PRESSURE ABOUT 1898 12. Imperialism in Asia, 1840-1914 504-5 CRITICAL AREA, 1895-1905 13. The First World War 551 14. Frontiers of Poland. 1815-1921 585 15. Danubian Peace Settlement 625 16. Eastern European Peace Settlement 627 17. Asiatic Turkey - Peace Settlement 630 12 18. Europe, 1923 652-3 19. Spanish Civil War 715 20. Partitions of Czechoslovakia and Poland, 1938-9 749 21. Europe, 1942 770-71 22. Western Fronts, 1942-5 781 23. Eastern Front, 1941-5 789 24. The Second World War - Pacific and Atlantic Theatres 792-3 25. Germany After The Second World War 815 26. Eastern Europe - Territorial Changes, 1939-47 839 27. Europe, 1965 944-5 13 DIAGRAMS 1. The Cult of Synthesis, 1800-70 280-81 2. Building Railroads, 1870-1910 378 3. Output of Coal and Lignite, 1871-1913 379 4. Output of Pig Iron, 1871-1910 380 5. Total Values of Imports and Exports, 1875-1913 381 6. Europe's Use of Its Labour Force, 1950
600 0 0 _aNapoleon
_bI,
_cEmperor of the French,
_d1769-1821
_xRelations with Europeans.
600 0 0 _aNapoleon
_bI,
_cEmperor of the French,
_d1769-1821
_xInfluence.
906 _a7
_bcbc
_coclcrpl
_du
_encip
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_gy-gencatlg
942 _2ddc
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